Multiple Choice
What is the relationship between proto-oncogenes and oncogenes?
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11. Cell Division
Cancer
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What is the normal role of the RB gene in cells?
A
To initiate apoptosis in damaged cells
B
To regulate the cell cycle and prevent uncontrolled cell division
C
To promote angiogenesis in developing tissues
D
To repair DNA damage during replication
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the RB gene, also known as the retinoblastoma gene, is a tumor suppressor gene. Tumor suppressor genes are crucial in regulating the cell cycle and preventing cancer.
Recognize that the primary role of the RB protein, which is produced by the RB gene, is to control the progression of the cell cycle. It does this by inhibiting the cell cycle's transition from the G1 phase to the S phase, where DNA replication occurs.
The RB protein achieves this regulation by binding to and inhibiting E2F transcription factors. E2F transcription factors are necessary for the expression of genes required for DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression.
When the RB protein is phosphorylated, it releases E2F, allowing the cell cycle to proceed. This phosphorylation is tightly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their cyclin partners.
In summary, the normal role of the RB gene is to regulate the cell cycle and prevent uncontrolled cell division, thereby acting as a safeguard against cancer development.
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