Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of how symbiosis can lead to coevolution?
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21. Evolution
Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection
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Which statement best describes the relationship between evolution and natural selection?
A
Natural selection is one mechanism that can cause evolution by changing allele frequencies in a population over generations.
B
Natural selection produces genetic variation, and evolution removes it from populations.
C
Evolution and natural selection are the same process; the terms are interchangeable.
D
Evolution occurs only when individuals adapt during their lifetimes, and natural selection passes those acquired traits to offspring.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the definitions of the key terms. Evolution refers to the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations, while natural selection is a process that can cause these changes by favoring certain traits that increase survival and reproduction.
Step 2: Recognize that natural selection acts on existing genetic variation within a population, meaning it does not produce new genetic variation but rather selects for or against traits based on their fitness.
Step 3: Clarify that evolution is a broader concept encompassing all mechanisms that change allele frequencies, including natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow.
Step 4: Identify that natural selection is one mechanism of evolution, specifically the one that increases the frequency of beneficial alleles over time, leading to adaptation.
Step 5: Conclude that the best description is that natural selection is a mechanism that causes evolution by changing allele frequencies in a population over generations, rather than being synonymous with evolution or producing genetic variation itself.
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