Multiple Choice
In the process of translation, what is synthesized by the ribosome?
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15. Gene Expression
Introduction to Translation
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Where does translation primarily take place in a eukaryotic cell?
A
Within the Golgi apparatus
B
On ribosomes in the cytoplasm
C
Inside the nucleus
D
In the mitochondria only
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of translation: Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template.
Recall the location of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells: Ribosomes can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (forming the rough ER).
Clarify the role of the cytoplasm: In eukaryotic cells, translation primarily occurs on ribosomes located in the cytoplasm, where mRNA is decoded to produce polypeptides.
Eliminate incorrect options: The nucleus is where transcription occurs, not translation. The Golgi apparatus is involved in protein modification and sorting, not synthesis. Mitochondria have their own ribosomes for synthesizing a few proteins, but this is not the primary site of translation in the cell.
Conclude that the correct answer is: Translation primarily takes place on ribosomes in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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