Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the difference between mutualism and commensalism in symbiotic relationships?
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5. Cell Components
Endosymbiotic Theory
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Which of the following statements helps support the endosymbiotic theory?
A
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in all prokaryotic cells.
B
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA similar to bacteria.
C
Mitochondria and chloroplasts can survive independently outside the cell.
D
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by a single membrane.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the endosymbiotic theory: It suggests that certain organelles, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.
Identify key features of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support this theory: They have their own DNA, which is circular and similar to bacterial DNA, indicating a possible bacterial origin.
Consider the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts: They are surrounded by a double membrane, which is consistent with the engulfing mechanism proposed by the endosymbiotic theory.
Evaluate the independence of mitochondria and chloroplasts: While they cannot survive independently outside the cell, their ability to replicate independently within the cell supports their bacterial ancestry.
Compare the DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts to prokaryotic cells: The similarity in DNA structure (circular DNA) between these organelles and bacteria is a strong piece of evidence supporting the endosymbiotic theory.
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