Multiple Choice
Which of the following human diseases has been eradicated due to successful vaccination efforts?
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21. Evolution
Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of homology (similarity due to common ancestry)?
A
The eye of a human and the eye of an octopus
B
The wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale
C
The tail fin of a shark and the tail fin of a dolphin
D
The wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bird
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of homology: Homology refers to similarities between organisms that are due to shared ancestry. Structures that are homologous may have different functions but share a common evolutionary origin.
Identify the examples given: The problem provides four examples: the eye of a human and the eye of an octopus, the wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale, the tail fin of a shark and the tail fin of a dolphin, and the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bird.
Analyze the evolutionary relationships: Consider the evolutionary lineage of each pair. Homologous structures are derived from a common ancestor, even if they serve different functions in the present-day organisms.
Evaluate the anatomical structures: The wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale are both forelimbs that have evolved differently in mammals, indicating a common ancestry despite their different functions.
Conclude with the correct example: Based on the analysis, the wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale are homologous structures, as they share a common evolutionary origin in mammals.
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