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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is known to cause primary succession?
A
Flooding that temporarily covers an area
B
A lava flow creating new land
C
Overgrazing by herbivores
D
A forest fire removing vegetation
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of primary succession: Primary succession occurs in areas where there was no previous life or soil, such as newly formed volcanic land or areas exposed by glacial retreat. It involves the gradual establishment of ecosystems starting from bare rock or newly formed land.
Analyze the options provided: Evaluate each scenario to determine whether it involves the creation of new land or the removal of existing vegetation and soil.
Option 1 (Flooding): Flooding temporarily covers an area but does not create new land or remove all soil. This is not an example of primary succession.
Option 2 (Lava flow): A lava flow creates new land by solidifying molten rock. This is a classic example of primary succession because it starts with bare rock and no pre-existing soil or life.
Option 3 (Overgrazing and forest fire): Both overgrazing and forest fires remove vegetation but leave the soil intact. These events are associated with secondary succession, not primary succession, because life can regrow from the existing soil.