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Multiple Choice
Why are emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) considered a distinct species?
A
They are the largest birds in Antarctica.
B
They can interbreed and produce fertile offspring only with members of their own group.
C
They share the same habitat as all other penguin species.
D
They have the same diet as other penguins.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of a biological species: A species is defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring under natural conditions.
Analyze the first option: 'They are the largest birds in Antarctica.' While this is a unique characteristic of emperor penguins, size alone does not define a species. This option is not relevant to the biological species concept.
Analyze the second option: 'They can interbreed and produce fertile offspring only with members of their own group.' This aligns with the biological species concept, as it highlights reproductive isolation, a key factor in defining a species.
Analyze the third option: 'They share the same habitat as all other penguin species.' Sharing a habitat does not determine species distinction, as multiple species can coexist in the same environment.
Analyze the fourth option: 'They have the same diet as other penguins.' Diet similarities do not define a species, as different species can have overlapping diets. Therefore, the second option is the most accurate explanation for why emperor penguins are considered a distinct species.