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Multiple Choice
Which of these statements about evolution is \textbf{false}?
A
Evolution can result in both the gain and loss of traits in populations.
B
Evolution always leads to organisms becoming more complex.
C
Natural selection is one of several mechanisms that drive evolution.
D
Genetic variation within a population is necessary for evolution to occur.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the concept of evolution. Evolution refers to the change in the genetic composition of populations over generations, driven by mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow.
Step 2: Analyze the first statement: 'Evolution can result in both the gain and loss of traits in populations.' This is true because evolution does not always lead to complexity; traits can be lost if they are no longer advantageous or necessary for survival.
Step 3: Examine the second statement: 'Evolution always leads to organisms becoming more complex.' This is false because evolution does not have a predetermined direction toward complexity. Organisms can evolve to become simpler if simplicity provides a survival advantage.
Step 4: Evaluate the third statement: 'Natural selection is one of several mechanisms that drive evolution.' This is true because natural selection is a key mechanism, but other processes like genetic drift and mutation also contribute to evolutionary changes.
Step 5: Assess the fourth statement: 'Genetic variation within a population is necessary for evolution to occur.' This is true because genetic variation provides the raw material for evolutionary processes, allowing populations to adapt to changing environments.