Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about reproductive barriers and speciation is true?
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23. Speciation
Introduction to Speciation
Multiple Choice
In sympatric speciation, which of the following best describes how new species arise?
A
New species develop as a result of hybridization between two different species in different regions.
B
New species form due to physical separation by geographic barriers.
C
New species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region.
D
New species arise only after a population migrates to a new habitat.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the concept of sympatric speciation. Sympatric speciation occurs when new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region, without physical barriers separating populations.
Step 2: Compare sympatric speciation to other types of speciation, such as allopatric speciation, which involves physical separation by geographic barriers, and hybridization, which involves the mixing of two different species.
Step 3: Recognize the mechanisms that drive sympatric speciation. These mechanisms often include genetic mutations, polyploidy (especially in plants), behavioral changes, or ecological niche differentiation within the same geographic area.
Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options based on the definition of sympatric speciation. For example, options involving geographic barriers or migration to new habitats describe allopatric speciation, not sympatric speciation.
Step 5: Confirm that the correct answer aligns with the definition of sympatric speciation: 'New species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region.' This is the key characteristic of sympatric speciation.
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