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Multiple Choice
Which best explains the surface tension of water?
A
The high specific heat capacity of water
B
Cohesive forces between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding
C
Adhesion of water molecules to nonpolar surfaces
D
The dissociation of water molecules into ions
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of surface tension: Surface tension is the property of a liquid's surface that allows it to resist external forces due to cohesive forces between molecules.
Recognize the role of hydrogen bonding: Water molecules are polar, meaning they have a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. This polarity leads to hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
Explain cohesive forces: Cohesion refers to the attraction between molecules of the same substance. In water, cohesive forces are primarily due to hydrogen bonds, which create a strong network of interconnected molecules at the surface.
Eliminate incorrect options: The high specific heat capacity of water relates to its ability to absorb heat, not surface tension. Adhesion refers to water's attraction to other substances, not its own molecules. The dissociation of water into ions is unrelated to surface tension.
Conclude with the correct explanation: The surface tension of water is best explained by the cohesive forces between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding, which creates a strong and stable surface layer.