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Multiple Choice
The different finch species found on the Galápagos Islands probably arose as a result of _____.
A
adaptive radiation
B
artificial selection
C
genetic drift
D
convergent evolution
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of adaptive radiation: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single ancestral species rapidly diversifies into multiple species, each adapted to a specific ecological niche. This often happens in isolated environments like islands.
Review the context of the Galápagos finches: The finches on the Galápagos Islands are a classic example of adaptive radiation. They evolved from a common ancestor into different species, each with unique beak shapes and sizes suited to their specific feeding habits and ecological roles.
Eliminate incorrect options: Artificial selection refers to human-driven breeding, which is not applicable here. Genetic drift involves random changes in allele frequencies, but it does not explain the specific adaptations seen in the finches. Convergent evolution refers to unrelated species developing similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, which is not the case for the finches as they share a common ancestor.
Identify the correct answer: The finches' diversification into species with specialized traits for different ecological niches aligns with the definition of adaptive radiation.
Conclude: The different finch species found on the Galápagos Islands most likely arose as a result of adaptive radiation, driven by natural selection and the unique environmental conditions of the islands.