Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the cells of a wilted plant in terms of water potential?
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34. Vascular Plant Transport
Water Potential
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Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
A
Because water is actively transported by plant cells from roots to leaves.
B
Because water moves from regions of higher water potential in the soil to lower water potential in the leaves.
C
Because gravity pulls water upward through the plant stem.
D
Because the concentration of minerals is higher in the leaves than in the roots.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of water potential: Water potential is a measure of the potential energy of water in a system, and it determines the direction of water movement. Water moves from areas of higher water potential to areas of lower water potential.
Recognize the role of transpiration: Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from the stomata in the leaves. This creates a lower water potential in the leaves compared to the roots, driving water movement upward.
Learn about cohesion and adhesion: Water molecules stick to each other (cohesion) and to the walls of the xylem vessels (adhesion). These properties help water form a continuous column and resist the pull of gravity as it moves upward.
Understand the role of the xylem: The xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves. The combination of water potential differences, cohesion, and adhesion facilitates this movement.
Clarify why active transport is not involved: Water movement from roots to leaves is primarily driven by passive processes like water potential gradients and transpiration, not active transport by plant cells.
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