Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes density-independent factors that limit population growth?
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50. Population Ecology
Factors Limiting Population Growth
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In the context of factors limiting population growth, how do limited resources (e.g., food, water, space) most directly affect a population?
A
They primarily increase immigration into the population, leading to sustained growth regardless of local conditions.
B
They increase competition, lowering birth rates and/or increasing death rates, which slows population growth as the population approaches carrying capacity.
C
They cause all individuals to reproduce earlier, increasing the intrinsic rate of increase and preventing population decline.
D
They remove density-dependent regulation, causing the population to grow exponentially without constraints.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that limited resources such as food, water, and space act as environmental constraints that affect population growth by influencing individual survival and reproduction.
Recognize that as a population grows and resources become scarce, individuals must compete more intensely for these limited resources.
Know that increased competition typically results in lower birth rates and/or higher death rates because not all individuals can obtain enough resources to survive and reproduce effectively.
Connect this effect to the concept of carrying capacity, which is the maximum population size that the environment can sustain over time given the available resources.
Conclude that limited resources lead to density-dependent regulation, where population growth slows as the population size approaches the carrying capacity due to increased competition and resource scarcity.
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