Multiple Choice
Where is ATP primarily produced in eukaryotic cells?
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7. Energy and Metabolism
ATP
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Where does the energy come from to power ATP synthase?
A
Oxidation of NADH in the cytosol
B
Breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm
C
Proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane
D
Direct sunlight absorption
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that ATP synthase is an enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate, and it is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Recognize that the energy required to power ATP synthase comes from a proton gradient, also known as a proton motive force, across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Learn that this proton gradient is established by the electron transport chain, which pumps protons (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space, creating a higher concentration of protons outside the matrix.
Realize that as protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase, the energy released from this movement is used to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.
Note that this process is part of oxidative phosphorylation, which is the final stage of cellular respiration, and it is distinct from processes like glycolysis or direct sunlight absorption.
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