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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best explains how fluctuations in abiotic cycles, such as the water or nitrogen cycle, can influence populations in an ecosystem?
A
Populations are only influenced by biotic factors, not by changes in abiotic cycles.
B
Fluctuations in abiotic cycles always lead to an increase in population size regardless of the species.
C
Changes in abiotic cycles can alter resource availability, affecting population growth and survival rates.
D
Abiotic cycles only affect non-living components and have no impact on living populations.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the role of abiotic cycles in ecosystems. Abiotic cycles, such as the water cycle and nitrogen cycle, are essential for maintaining the balance of resources like water, nutrients, and energy that living organisms depend on for survival.
Step 2: Analyze how fluctuations in abiotic cycles can impact resource availability. For example, a disruption in the water cycle (e.g., drought or excessive rainfall) can limit water availability or cause flooding, which directly affects plant growth and, consequently, the food supply for herbivores and other organisms.
Step 3: Consider the relationship between resource availability and population dynamics. When resources like water or nitrogen are scarce, populations may experience reduced growth rates, increased competition, or even population decline. Conversely, an abundance of resources can lead to population growth, but only up to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem.
Step 4: Evaluate the incorrect options. The statement that populations are only influenced by biotic factors is incorrect because abiotic factors, such as water and nutrient availability, are critical for survival. Similarly, the claim that abiotic cycles only affect non-living components is false because these cycles directly impact living organisms by regulating resource availability.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct explanation is: 'Changes in abiotic cycles can alter resource availability, affecting population growth and survival rates.' This highlights the interconnectedness of abiotic and biotic components in ecosystems.