Which process primarily allows water and dissolved nutrients to move from the roots to the stems in plants?

Eliminate incorrect options: Diffusion through the cuticle is not a major pathway for water movement, as the cuticle is a waxy layer that prevents water loss. Facilitated diffusion via aquaporins in the stem epidermis is involved in cellular water movement but does not account for bulk transport from roots to stems. Active transport through phloem is responsible for moving sugars, not water and nutrients.

Focus on the correct mechanism: Transpiration-driven movement through xylem vessels relies on cohesion and adhesion properties of water molecules, which allow them to form a continuous column and resist breaking under tension.