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Multiple Choice
What purpose does fermentation serve in cellular metabolism?
A
To regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis in the absence of oxygen
B
To convert pyruvate into acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle
C
To produce ATP directly from the breakdown of glucose
D
To increase the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that fermentation is an anaerobic process, meaning it occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Recognize that glycolysis, the first step in cellular respiration, produces ATP and converts glucose into pyruvate, while also reducing NAD+ to NADH.
Identify the problem that arises in anaerobic conditions: the accumulation of NADH and the depletion of NAD+, which is necessary for glycolysis to continue.
Learn that the primary purpose of fermentation is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH, allowing glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Note that fermentation does not directly produce ATP from glucose nor does it convert pyruvate into acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle; these processes require oxygen.