Multiple Choice
Which of the following is required for diffusion to occur across a cell membrane?
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6. The Membrane
Passive vs. Active Transport
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Which of the following best describes how active transport differs from endocytosis and exocytosis?
A
Endocytosis and exocytosis move substances against their concentration gradient, while active transport only moves substances down their gradient.
B
Active transport moves molecules across the membrane using protein pumps, while endocytosis and exocytosis involve the movement of large particles via vesicles.
C
Active transport and exocytosis both involve the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane, while endocytosis does not.
D
Active transport does not require energy, whereas endocytosis and exocytosis do.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the concept of active transport. Active transport is a process where molecules are moved across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) using energy, typically in the form of ATP, and protein pumps.
Step 2: Next, examine the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. Endocytosis involves the engulfing of substances into the cell by forming vesicles from the plasma membrane, while exocytosis involves the release of substances from the cell by vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane.
Step 3: Compare the mechanisms of active transport with endocytosis and exocytosis. Active transport uses protein pumps to move molecules, whereas endocytosis and exocytosis rely on vesicles to transport larger particles or bulk materials.
Step 4: Clarify the energy requirements. Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move molecules against their gradient, and both endocytosis and exocytosis also require energy for vesicle formation and fusion.
Step 5: Evaluate the options provided in the problem. Eliminate incorrect statements based on the definitions and mechanisms of active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis, and identify the correct description that aligns with the processes.
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