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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes lipid-anchored proteins in biological membranes?
A
They are loosely associated with membrane proteins and can be easily removed.
B
They are only found on the extracellular surface of the membrane.
C
They are covalently attached to lipids and firmly associated with the membrane.
D
They span the entire membrane and have hydrophobic regions within the bilayer.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of lipid-anchored proteins. These are proteins that are covalently attached to lipid molecules, which anchor them to the biological membrane. This attachment ensures that they are firmly associated with the membrane.
Step 2: Compare lipid-anchored proteins to other types of membrane proteins. For example, integral membrane proteins span the entire membrane and have hydrophobic regions within the bilayer, while peripheral membrane proteins are loosely associated with the membrane and can be easily removed.
Step 3: Analyze the statement 'They are covalently attached to lipids and firmly associated with the membrane.' This accurately describes lipid-anchored proteins because their covalent attachment to lipids ensures a strong association with the membrane.
Step 4: Evaluate the incorrect options: (a) Lipid-anchored proteins are not loosely associated; they are firmly attached via covalent bonds. (b) They are not exclusively found on the extracellular surface; they can be found on either side of the membrane. (d) They do not span the entire membrane; this is characteristic of integral membrane proteins.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct description of lipid-anchored proteins is 'They are covalently attached to lipids and firmly associated with the membrane,' as this aligns with their structural and functional characteristics.