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Multiple Choice
Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are properties of water molecules that ________.
A
occur only when water is in its solid state
B
prevent water from interacting with other polar substances
C
are caused solely by ionic bonds within water molecules
D
result from hydrogen bonding between water molecules and their interactions with other substances
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the key terms: Cohesion refers to the attraction between water molecules, surface tension is the result of cohesive forces at the surface of water, and adhesion is the attraction between water molecules and other substances.
Recognize that these properties are unique to water due to its polar nature, meaning water molecules have a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.
Learn that hydrogen bonding occurs when the partially positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to the partially negative oxygen atom of another water molecule. This is the primary cause of cohesion and surface tension.
Adhesion occurs when water molecules form hydrogen bonds with other polar substances, allowing water to interact with surfaces like glass or plant cell walls.
Conclude that these properties (cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion) result from hydrogen bonding between water molecules and their interactions with other substances, not from ionic bonds or the solid state of water.