Multiple Choice
How are DNA and RNA different in terms of their structure and function?
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15. Gene Expression
Introduction to Types of RNA
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Which of the following statements correctly describes a similarity and a difference between RNA and DNA?
A
Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, but RNA contains uracil while DNA contains thymine.
B
RNA and DNA both have the same nitrogenous bases, but RNA is longer than DNA.
C
RNA and DNA both contain ribose sugar, but RNA is more stable than DNA.
D
Both RNA and DNA are double-stranded, but RNA is found only in the nucleus.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the basic structure of nucleic acids: Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids composed of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Compare the nitrogenous bases: DNA contains adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G), while RNA contains adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Note the difference between thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.
Examine the sugar component: DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, whereas RNA contains ribose sugar. This difference affects the stability and structure of the molecules.
Analyze the strand structure: DNA is typically double-stranded, forming a double helix, while RNA is usually single-stranded, allowing it to fold into various shapes for different functions.
Consider the location and stability: DNA is primarily located in the nucleus and is more stable due to its double-stranded structure and deoxyribose sugar. RNA, being single-stranded and containing ribose, is less stable and can be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
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