Multiple Choice
What is the correct order of steps for protein synthesis during translation?
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15. Gene Expression
Steps of Translation
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Which of the following molecules play a part in translational elongation during protein synthesis?
A
tRNA
B
RNA polymerase
C
Ribosomal RNA
D
DNA polymerase
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of translational elongation: Translational elongation is a phase in protein synthesis where amino acids are sequentially added to a growing polypeptide chain. This process occurs in the ribosome and involves several key molecules.
Identify the role of tRNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA) is crucial in translational elongation. It carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them with the appropriate codons on the mRNA strand, facilitating the addition of amino acids to the polypeptide chain.
Consider the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA): Ribosomal RNA is a structural component of the ribosome and plays a catalytic role in forming peptide bonds between amino acids during elongation. It helps position the mRNA and tRNA correctly within the ribosome.
Evaluate the role of RNA polymerase: RNA polymerase is involved in transcription, not translation. It synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template, which is then used during translation. Therefore, RNA polymerase does not directly participate in translational elongation.
Assess the role of DNA polymerase: DNA polymerase is involved in DNA replication, not protein synthesis. It synthesizes new DNA strands from a DNA template. Thus, DNA polymerase does not play a part in translational elongation.
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