Multiple Choice
Which type of transport moves molecules against the concentration gradient?
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6. The Membrane
Active Transport
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Which of the following is required for active transport to occur across a cell membrane?
A
A concentration gradient from high to low
B
Energy in the form of ATP
C
Facilitated diffusion through channel proteins
D
Osmosis of water molecules
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of active transport: Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration), which requires energy input.
Recognize the role of ATP: Active transport relies on energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to power transport proteins that move molecules against the gradient.
Differentiate active transport from passive transport: Passive transport, such as facilitated diffusion or osmosis, does not require energy and moves molecules along the concentration gradient (from high to low concentration).
Identify the mechanism of active transport: Specialized transport proteins, such as pumps (e.g., sodium-potassium pump), use ATP to change their shape and move molecules across the membrane.
Conclude that energy in the form of ATP is essential for active transport, as it enables the movement of molecules against the natural flow of the concentration gradient.
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