Multiple Choice
During the relative refractory period, a larger-than-normal depolarizing stimulus can:
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45. Nervous System
Neurons and Action Potentials
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If the membrane potential of a neuron decreases, the membrane potential _____.
A
returns to the resting potential
B
becomes more negative (hyperpolarizes)
C
remains unchanged
D
becomes less negative (depolarizes)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of membrane potential: The membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge across a cell's membrane, primarily influenced by ions like sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺). Resting potential is typically negative, around -70 mV in neurons.
Define depolarization: Depolarization occurs when the membrane potential becomes less negative, moving closer to zero. This happens due to the influx of positively charged ions, such as Na⁺, into the cell.
Compare depolarization to hyperpolarization: Hyperpolarization is the opposite of depolarization, where the membrane potential becomes more negative, moving further away from zero.
Analyze the problem statement: The problem states that the membrane potential decreases. A decrease in negativity (less negative) corresponds to depolarization, as the membrane potential moves closer to zero.
Conclude the reasoning: Based on the definitions and analysis, the correct answer is that the membrane potential becomes less negative (depolarizes). This aligns with the physiological process of neurons during signal transmission.
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