Multiple Choice
Which of the following is required for natural selection to take place?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Natural Selection and Evolution
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Which of the following best describes a key difference between primary and secondary succession?
A
Secondary succession always leads to a different climax community than primary succession.
B
Primary succession occurs after a forest fire, while secondary succession starts on newly formed volcanic rock.
C
Primary succession happens more quickly than secondary succession.
D
Primary succession begins on surfaces where no soil exists, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil is already present.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of ecological succession: Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. It can be categorized into primary and secondary succession.
Define primary succession: Primary succession occurs in areas where there is no pre-existing soil or vegetation, such as newly formed volcanic rock or areas exposed by glacial retreat. The process begins with pioneer species like lichens and mosses that can colonize barren surfaces.
Define secondary succession: Secondary succession occurs in areas where soil is already present, but the vegetation has been removed due to disturbances like forest fires, floods, or human activities. It typically happens faster than primary succession because the soil and seed bank are already established.
Compare the two types of succession: The key difference is that primary succession starts on surfaces without soil, while secondary succession begins in areas where soil is already present. This distinction is crucial for understanding how ecosystems recover and develop after disturbances.
Apply the definitions to the problem: Based on the descriptions, the correct answer is that primary succession begins on surfaces where no soil exists, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil is already present. This aligns with the ecological principles discussed.
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