Textbook Question
A friend says, 'Geneticists spend all their time talking about DNA, but that's silly because DNA really isn't that important in the functions of a cell.' In what ways is she right, and in what ways might she be wrong?
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15. Gene Expression
Central Dogma
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What is the primary function of DNA in the central dogma of molecular biology?
A
To catalyze chemical reactions
B
To transport amino acids
C
To store genetic information
D
To provide energy for cellular processes
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It involves the processes of transcription and translation.
Recognize that DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
Identify the primary function of DNA in the central dogma: DNA stores genetic information. This information is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins.
Differentiate DNA's role from other cellular functions: DNA does not catalyze chemical reactions, transport amino acids, or provide energy for cellular processes. These functions are carried out by other molecules such as enzymes, tRNA, and ATP respectively.
Conclude that the correct answer is 'To store genetic information,' as DNA's main role is to hold the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.
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