Multiple Choice
Why is the series of reactions in the Calvin cycle referred to as a "cycle"?
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9. Photosynthesis
Calvin Cycle
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Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is true?
A
It directly produces ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
B
It uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO$_2$ into glucose.
C
It requires light to proceed.
D
It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of plant cells.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the Calvin cycle: The Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts in plant cells. It is part of photosynthesis and is also known as the light-independent reactions or dark reactions.
Clarify the role of ATP and NADPH: The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH, which are produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) into glucose and other sugars.
Address the statement about light: The Calvin cycle does not require light directly to proceed. It is called light-independent because it uses the products of the light-dependent reactions (ATP and NADPH) rather than light itself.
Correct the location: The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts, not in the mitochondrial matrix. The mitochondrial matrix is involved in cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
Evaluate substrate-level phosphorylation: The Calvin cycle does not directly produce ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation. ATP is consumed during the cycle to provide energy for the conversion of CO$_2$ into glucose.
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