Multiple Choice
Although they originated around 180 million years ago, mammals underwent an adaptive radiation starting approximately 65 million years ago. Why?
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24. History of Life on Earth
History of Life on Earth
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In the species selection model, __________ is to macroevolution as __________ is to microevolution.
A
exaptation; adaptation
B
genotype; phenotype
C
disruptive selection; balancing selection
D
allopatric speciation; sympatric speciation
E
differential speciation success; differential reproductive success
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of macroevolution and microevolution: Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolutionary changes that occur over long periods, often resulting in the formation of new species. Microevolution involves smaller evolutionary changes within a species or population, typically over shorter timescales.
Identify the key processes involved in macroevolution and microevolution: In macroevolution, the focus is on speciation events, which are the processes by which new species arise. In microevolution, the focus is on changes in allele frequencies within a population, often driven by natural selection.
Relate the concept of differential speciation success to macroevolution: Differential speciation success refers to the varying ability of different species to produce new species over time. This is a key driver of macroevolution as it leads to the diversification of life forms.
Relate the concept of differential reproductive success to microevolution: Differential reproductive success is a core mechanism of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in allele frequencies within a population over time.
Connect the terms to the species selection model: In the species selection model, differential speciation success is analogous to macroevolution, as it involves the success of species in producing new species. Differential reproductive success is analogous to microevolution, as it involves the success of individuals within a species in passing on their genes.
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