Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an exception to the central dogma of molecular biology?
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15. Gene Expression
Central Dogma
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Which statement best describes the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
A
DNA serves as the template for the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA), which then directs the assembly of amino acids into proteins.
B
DNA acts as an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.
C
DNA directly binds amino acids together to form proteins.
D
DNA is converted into proteins through a single-step chemical reaction.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the central dogma of molecular biology, which explains the flow of genetic information: DNA → RNA → Protein. DNA contains the instructions for building proteins, but it does not directly create proteins.
Recognize that DNA serves as a template for transcription, a process where messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized. During transcription, RNA polymerase reads the DNA sequence and creates a complementary mRNA strand.
Learn that mRNA carries the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation is the process of assembling amino acids into a protein based on the sequence encoded in the mRNA.
Clarify that DNA does not act as an enzyme or directly catalyze reactions. Instead, it provides the instructions for protein synthesis, which is carried out by ribosomes and other molecules like tRNA and enzymes.
Understand that protein synthesis is a multi-step process involving transcription and translation, not a single-step chemical reaction. DNA is not converted into proteins directly; it provides the blueprint for their assembly.
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