Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 37m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 6m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 53m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 49m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

40. Circulatory System

Heart Physiology

General Biology

40. Circulatory System

Heart Physiology

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1:22 minutes

Problem 2

Textbook Question

Blood pressure is highest in _ , and blood moves most slowly in _ .
a. Veins; capillaries
b. Arteries; capillaries
c. Veins; arteries
d. Arteries; veins

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the structure of the circulatory system: Blood flows through arteries, capillaries, and veins in a closed loop. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, capillaries are the site of exchange between blood and tissues, and veins return blood to the heart.

Recall the relationship between blood pressure and blood vessel type: Blood pressure is highest in arteries because they are closest to the heart and receive blood directly from it. The pressure decreases as blood moves through the circulatory system.

Consider the speed of blood flow: Blood moves most slowly in capillaries because they have the smallest diameter and the largest total cross-sectional area, which allows for efficient exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products.

Eliminate incorrect options: Veins do not have the highest blood pressure, and blood does not move most slowly in arteries or veins. This rules out options a, c, and d.

Select the correct answer: Based on the above reasoning, blood pressure is highest in arteries, and blood moves most slowly in capillaries. The correct answer is b.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. It is highest in the arteries, particularly during systole when the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arterial system. Understanding blood pressure is crucial for comprehending how blood flows through the circulatory system and how it varies in different types of blood vessels.

Blood Vessels

Blood vessels are the conduits through which blood flows in the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart under high pressure, while veins return oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues, which is why blood moves most slowly in them.

Circulatory System

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The system operates in a closed loop, with arteries carrying blood away from the heart and veins returning it, while capillaries serve as the site of exchange, highlighting the importance of understanding the flow dynamics in different vessel types.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

Your blood pressure is 120/70. The "120" indicates __________, and the "70" indicates __________.

When we compare the structures and functions of arteries and veins, we find that the walls of arteries are __________, the blood pressure inside arteries is __________, and the blood in arteries is moving __________ the heart.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following decreases blood pressure?

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Multiple Choice

A mutation that results in a nonfunctioning nitric oxide receptor would cause __________.

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Textbook Question

Pulse is a direct measure of

a. Blood pressure.

b. Stroke volume.

c. Cardiac output.

d. Heart rate.

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Textbook Question

When the doctor listened to Janet's heart, he heard 'lub-hiss, lub-hiss' instead of the normal 'lub-dup' sounds. The hiss is most likely due to _________ . (Explain your answer.)

a. A defective atrioventricular (AV) valve

b. A damaged pacemaker (SA node)

c. A defective semilunar valve

d. High blood pressure

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Textbook Question

Paul's blood pressure is 150/90. The 150 indicates _________ , and the 90 indicates _________ .

a. Pressure in the left ventricle; pressure in the right ventricle

b. Pressure during ventricular contraction; pressure during heart relaxation

c. Systemic circuit pressure; pulmonary circuit pressure

d. Pressure in the arteries; pressure in the veins