Multiple Choice
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for adding new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand during DNA replication?
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14. DNA Synthesis
Introduction to DNA Replication
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Which process involves creating a copy of DNA that is small enough to leave the nucleus?
A
Reverse transcription
B
Transcription
C
Translation
D
Replication
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the key processes mentioned in the problem: Reverse transcription, Transcription, Translation, and Replication. Each of these terms refers to a specific biological process involving nucleic acids or proteins.
Recall that DNA is a large molecule that cannot leave the nucleus. To create a copy of the genetic information that can leave the nucleus, a smaller, single-stranded molecule called RNA is synthesized.
Focus on the process of Transcription. During transcription, a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA is small enough to leave the nucleus and carry genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Eliminate the other options: Reverse transcription refers to the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template (e.g., in retroviruses). Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. Replication is the process of copying the entire DNA molecule, which does not leave the nucleus.
Conclude that the correct process for creating a copy of DNA that is small enough to leave the nucleus is Transcription.
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