Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion quiz #2 Flashcards
Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion quiz #2
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Which of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system? A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Golgi apparatus D) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Mitochondria Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? A) Lysosome B) Ribosome C) Golgi apparatus D) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Ribosome Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell? A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane B) Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane C) Rough ER → Nucleus → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane D) Vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Plasma membrane
A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane How do vesicles move through the cell?
Vesicles move through the cell by being transported along the cytoskeleton, often with the help of motor proteins. What is a secretory vesicle?
A secretory vesicle is a membrane-bound structure that transports proteins and other molecules to the cell membrane for secretion. Which structure is part of the endomembrane system? A) Mitochondria B) Chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome
C) Golgi apparatus Which is the secretion of materials at the plasma membrane? A) Endocytosis B) Exocytosis C) Phagocytosis D) Pinocytosis
B) Exocytosis Which of the following sequences for the processing of proteins produced within the cell is correct? A) Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus B) Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle C) Vesicle → Nucleus → Rough ER D) Nucleus → Vesicle → Golgi apparatus
B) Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle Compare the Golgi complex to a warehouse/mail facility. How is its function similar?
The Golgi complex functions like a warehouse/mail facility by receiving, modifying, repackaging, and distributing proteins and lipids to their destinations. Which of the following statements is false regarding protein transport? A) Proteins are synthesized in the rough ER B) Proteins are modified in the Golgi apparatus C) Proteins are transported by vesicles D) Proteins are synthesized in the smooth ER
D) Proteins are synthesized in the smooth ER How are proteins transported to their correct locations in the cell?
Proteins are transported to their correct locations in the cell via vesicles that move along the cytoskeleton, guided by specific signal sequences. Which organelle packages materials for secretion from the cell?
The Golgi apparatus packages materials for secretion from the cell. Why are the structures that make up the endomembrane system grouped together?
The structures of the endomembrane system are grouped together because they are interconnected and work collaboratively to synthesize, modify, and transport proteins and lipids. Extracellular matrix proteins are produced by ribosomes in which part of a eukaryotic cell?
Extracellular matrix proteins are produced by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell. Which of the following is not a function of the endomembrane system? A) Protein synthesis B) Lipid synthesis C) DNA replication D) Protein modification
C) DNA replication Which organelle completes protein modifications and packages the protein for export?
The Golgi apparatus completes protein modifications and packages the protein for export. Which of these organelles modifies cell products and then packages them for distribution?
The Golgi apparatus modifies cell products and then packages them for distribution. Which is the correct pathway of a protein through a cell as it is being made? A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane B) Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane C) Rough ER → Nucleus → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane D) Vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Plasma membrane
A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane Which of the following correctly shows the order in which protein X moves through the cell? A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane B) Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane C) Rough ER → Nucleus → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane D) Vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Nucleus → Plasma membrane
A) Nucleus → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane What is the endomembrane system, and which organelles are primarily involved in protein secretion within eukaryotic cells?
The endomembrane system is a group of interconnected, membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells, including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and transport vesicles, that work together to facilitate protein secretion. Differentiate between the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER) in terms of structure and function.
The rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in folding and modifying newly synthesized proteins, while the smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons. What is the role of vesicles in the endomembrane system during protein secretion?
Vesicles are small membrane-bound sacs that transport proteins and other molecules between organelles, such as from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and from the Golgi to the cell membrane for secretion.
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