Introduction to Biomolecules quiz #2 Flashcards
Introduction to Biomolecules quiz #2
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What are the four primary classes of biomolecules?
The four primary classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. What is endosperm?
Endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following fertilization, providing nutrition to the developing embryo. Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Nucleic acids d) Lipids
b) Proteins Which types of biological macromolecules store energy?
Carbohydrates and lipids are the primary biological macromolecules that store energy. How many categories of biomolecules are there?
There are four categories of biomolecules. Which biomolecules are found in all organisms?
Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids are found in all organisms. What is a biomolecule?
A biomolecule is an organic molecule that is essential to living organisms, composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked covalently. Why are biological macromolecules considered organic?
Biological macromolecules are considered organic because they contain carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen atoms. What three elements are in all biomolecules?
The three elements present in all biomolecules are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. What are the major categories of biological macromolecules?
The major categories of biological macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. What elements are common to all four biomolecules?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are common to all four biomolecules. Which of these are classes of biological molecules? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Nucleic acids d) Lipids
a) Carbohydrates, b) Proteins, c) Nucleic acids, d) Lipids Which biomolecules make up the glycocalyx in bacterial cells?
The glycocalyx in bacterial cells is primarily made up of carbohydrates and proteins. Which of these biomolecules are found in all of your cells and make you unique?
Nucleic acids, specifically DNA, are found in all of your cells and make you unique. Which elements are present in all biomolecules?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are present in all biomolecules. What are the functions of the four major types of biomolecules?
Carbohydrates provide energy, proteins support structure and function, nucleic acids store genetic information, and lipids play roles in energy storage and cellular membranes. Which type of biomolecule is it? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Nucleic acids d) Lipids
This question requires context to determine the specific biomolecule type. What macromolecule does your body never break down for energy?
Nucleic acids are not typically broken down for energy by the body. What is the essential element common to all biological molecules?
Carbon is the essential element common to all biological molecules. What are glycoproteins made of?
Glycoproteins are made of carbohydrates and proteins. Which two classes of biomolecules function in energy storage?
Carbohydrates and lipids function in energy storage. What 3 elements do all of the above biomolecules have in common?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are common to all biomolecules. Which biological macromolecule is not considered a polymer?
Lipids are not considered polymers. Which macromolecules are found in ribosomes?
Proteins and nucleic acids (specifically rRNA) are found in ribosomes. What are biomolecules and why are they essential to living organisms?
Biomolecules are organic molecules containing carbon and hydrogen, essential for life because they form the structural and functional basis of living organisms. What elements are commonly found in all biomolecules?
All biomolecules commonly contain carbon and hydrogen. Which biomolecule class is responsible for storing genetic information?
Nucleic acids are responsible for storing genetic information. What are the monomers of nucleic acids called?
The monomers of nucleic acids are called nucleotides. What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
The monomers of carbohydrates are monosaccharides. What are fatty acids and to which biomolecule class do they belong?
Fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids. What does the prefix 'bio-' in biomolecules indicate?
The prefix 'bio-' indicates that these molecules are related to life. Why is understanding monomers important in studying biomolecules?
Understanding monomers is important because they are the building blocks that form larger biomolecules. What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates consist of one or a few monosaccharides, while complex carbohydrates are made of many monosaccharide units. Which biomolecule class includes DNA and RNA?
Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA. How do proteins contribute to the function of living organisms?
Proteins contribute by supporting structure, catalyzing reactions, and regulating processes in living organisms. What are oligosaccharides and polysaccharides?
Oligosaccharides are short chains of monosaccharides, while polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides. Why are nucleotides important for cells?
Nucleotides are important because they are the building blocks of nucleic acids, which store and transmit genetic information. How do carbohydrates differ from lipids in their primary biological role?
Carbohydrates mainly provide energy, while lipids primarily store energy and form membranes. What is a monosaccharide?
A monosaccharide is a single sugar molecule and the simplest form of carbohydrate. Which biomolecule class is most directly involved in catalyzing biochemical reactions?
Proteins, specifically enzymes, are most directly involved in catalyzing biochemical reactions.
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