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Introduction to Meiosis quiz #8 Flashcards

Introduction to Meiosis quiz #8
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  • Which process produces four unique daughter cells?
    Meiosis produces four unique daughter cells.
  • Which process is directly responsible for producing gametes during alternation of generations?
    Meiosis is directly responsible for producing gametes during alternation of generations.
  • What event occurs in meiosis but not mitosis?
    Crossing over occurs in meiosis but not mitosis.
  • In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
    Homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I of meiosis.
  • Crossing over occurs during which phase?
    Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
  • Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?
    Meiosis results in four genetically diverse haploid gametes.
  • Which event (or events) occur in the prophase I phase of meiosis I?
    During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up, form tetrads, and undergo crossing over.
  • During which phase of meiosis do chromosomes separate from their pair?
    Chromosomes separate from their pair during anaphase I of meiosis.
  • How many daughter cells are produced from meiosis?
    Four daughter cells are produced from meiosis.
  • Which of the following distinguishes prophase I of meiosis from prophase of mitosis?
    Prophase I of meiosis involves synapsis and crossing over, which do not occur in prophase of mitosis.
  • What is the primary purpose of meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms?
    The primary purpose of meiosis is to produce four genetically diverse haploid gametes from a diploid germ cell, enabling sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.
  • What are the two main stages of meiosis called?
    The two main stages of meiosis are meiosis I and meiosis II.
  • What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of cell number and ploidy?
    Meiosis results in four haploid cells, each with half the chromosome number of the original diploid cell.
  • Why is meiosis I called reductional division?
    Meiosis I is called reductional division because it reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid by separating homologous chromosomes.
  • What are gametes, and what is their ploidy after meiosis?
    Gametes are sex cells (sperm or eggs), and they are haploid (n) after meiosis.
  • What is the role of the germ cell in meiosis?
    The germ cell acts as the diploid precursor that undergoes meiosis to produce haploid gametes.
  • What is the significance of interphase in the context of meiosis?
    Interphase is significant because it allows DNA replication and cell preparation before meiosis begins.
  • What is the ploidy of the daughter cells after meiosis I?
    The daughter cells after meiosis I are haploid (n).
  • What is the function of cytokinesis in meiosis?
    Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm and separates the daughter cells after each meiotic division.
  • What are homologous chromosomes, and what happens to them during meiosis I?
    Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes with the same genes; they are separated into different cells during meiosis I.
  • Why is meiosis considered a linear process rather than a cyclic one?
    Meiosis is linear because it starts with a diploid cell and ends with haploid gametes, not regenerating the original cell type.
  • What is the S phase of interphase, and why is it important for meiosis?
    The S phase is when DNA is replicated, ensuring each chromosome has two sister chromatids for proper segregation during meiosis.
  • What is independent assortment, and how does it occur during meiosis?
    Independent assortment is the random distribution of homologous chromosomes to daughter cells during meiosis I, increasing genetic diversity.
  • What is the end result of meiosis in terms of genetic similarity among the gametes produced?
    The gametes produced by meiosis are genetically diverse and not identical to each other.
  • What would happen if meiosis did not reduce the chromosome number in gametes?
    If meiosis did not reduce the chromosome number, fertilization would double the chromosome number in each generation, disrupting genetic stability.