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Introduction to Prokaryotes quiz #4 Flashcards

Introduction to Prokaryotes quiz #4
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  • What is unusual about the initiator tRNA in prokaryotes?
    The initiator tRNA in prokaryotes carries formylmethionine, unlike in eukaryotes.
  • Which of the following species of bacteria is not closely related to the others?
    Escherichia coli is not closely related to spirochetes like Borrelia burgdorferi.
  • Which of the following is an appropriate definition for prokaryotic species?
    A prokaryotic species is a group of strains with similar characteristics.
  • Which of the following are true statements about members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea?
    Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea lack a nucleus and have circular DNA.
  • Which worm shown is most likely a segmented worm?
    Annelids are segmented worms, not related to prokaryotes.
  • In which of the following kingdoms are prokaryotes found?
    Prokaryotes are found in the kingdoms Bacteria and Archaea.
  • Which of the following are functions of the bacterial capsule?
    The bacterial capsule protects against desiccation and helps evade the host immune system.
  • What are the main structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, have circular DNA in a nucleoid region, and are typically smaller (about 1 micrometer). Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, linear DNA, and are larger (10–100 micrometers).
  • What are the similarities shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane, contain essential biomolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids), and possess ribosomes for protein synthesis.