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Musculoskeletal System quiz #1 Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System quiz #1
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  • What are the three types of muscle found in the musculoskeletal system?
    Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
  • What is the primary function of myofibrils in muscle cells?
    Myofibrils are responsible for muscle contraction through the interaction of actin and myosin.
  • What is the sliding filament model?
    It is the mechanism that explains how actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to cause muscle contraction.
  • What role does calcium play in muscle contraction?
    Calcium binds to troponin, causing tropomyosin to move and expose myosin binding sites on actin filaments.
  • What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
    It stores and releases calcium ions to trigger muscle contraction.
  • What is a motor unit?
    A motor unit is composed of a single motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls.
  • What is the difference between fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibers?
    Fast twitch fibers contract quickly and tire quickly, while slow twitch fibers contract slowly and sustain longer contractions.
  • What is the function of myoglobin in muscle cells?
    Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle cells to meet high oxygen demands during intense activity.
  • What are the two types of involuntary muscles?
    Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.
  • What is the primary function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bones?
    Osteoblasts form bone, while osteoclasts reabsorb bone.
  • What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
    Tendons connect muscle to bone, while ligaments connect bone to bone.
  • What are ball and socket joints, and where are they found?
    Ball and socket joints allow for a wide range of motion and are found in the hips and shoulders.
  • What is the role of antagonistic muscle pairs?
    Antagonistic muscle pairs work together to produce opposite movements, such as flexion and extension.
  • What is the function of the neuromuscular junction?
    It is the synapse between a motor neuron and muscle fiber, where acetylcholine is released to stimulate muscle contraction.
  • What is tetanus in the context of muscle contraction?
    Tetanus is a sustained muscle contraction caused by high-frequency action potentials.
  • muscles that move because a person desires (or wills) to move are _________.
    voluntary muscles, specifically skeletal muscles.
  • which skeletal system is represented by the shaded portion of the skeleton?
    The endoskeleton, which is the internal skeleton made up of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
  • what type of muscle is involved when you reach for something?
    Skeletal muscle, as it is responsible for voluntary movements like reaching.