Osmosis quiz #2 Flashcards
Osmosis quiz #2
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What do you call the movement of water across a cell membrane?
The movement of water across a cell membrane is called osmosis. Which process moves water molecules across the membrane of the cell down the gradient?
Osmosis is the process that moves water molecules across the cell membrane down the concentration gradient. What prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution?
The cell wall prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution by providing structural support and maintaining turgor pressure. What process does water use to move across the plasma membrane?
Water uses osmosis to move across the plasma membrane. What do you call the movement of water across the cell membrane?
The movement of water across the cell membrane is called osmosis. What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?
Placing a plant cell in a hypotonic solution would enhance water uptake due to osmosis. What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?
A hypotonic solution allows water to enter the plant cell. What happens if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, water will enter the cell, causing it to swell. Animal cells may burst, while plant cells become turgid. What is the movement of water across the plasma membrane called?
The movement of water across the plasma membrane is called osmosis. By what process do cells move water across a membrane along a concentration gradient?
Cells move water across a membrane along a concentration gradient by osmosis. Why does water go into the root hairs of a plant?
Water goes into the root hairs of a plant due to osmosis, moving from a hypotonic soil solution to the hypertonic root cells. Which of the following allows water to move much faster across cell membranes? A) Active transport B) Aquaporins C) Diffusion D) Endocytosis
B) Aquaporins What happens to a cell that has a rigid cell wall when placed in a hypotonic solution?
A cell with a rigid cell wall, like a plant cell, will become turgid and not burst when placed in a hypotonic solution. What prevents plant cells from bursting when they are placed in hypotonic surroundings?
The cell wall prevents plant cells from bursting in hypotonic surroundings by maintaining turgor pressure. Which of the following will occur if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? A) The cell will shrink B) The cell will swell C) The cell will remain the same size D) The cell will become isotonic
B) The cell will swell Which process always refers to the movement of only water across a cell membrane?
Osmosis always refers to the movement of only water across a cell membrane. Which of the following is needed for water to be absorbed by the roots? A) Hypertonic soil B) Hypotonic soil C) Isotonic soil D) No solute concentration
B) Hypotonic soil What is the process by which water passes into or out of a cell?
The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called osmosis. What is osmosis in biological systems?
Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane, typically from areas of lower solute concentration (hypotonic) to areas of higher solute concentration (hypertonic). What is the solvent in biological osmosis?
The solvent in biological osmosis is almost always water. Define a hypotonic solution.
A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration compared to another solution. Define a hypertonic solution.
A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration compared to another solution. Why does water move from hypotonic to hypertonic solutions?
Water moves from hypotonic to hypertonic solutions to dilute the higher solute concentration and achieve equilibrium. What happens to a plant cell in a hypotonic environment?
A plant cell in a hypotonic environment takes in water, increasing turgor pressure, which is preferred and helps the plant remain upright. What happens to an animal cell in an isotonic environment?
In an isotonic environment, an animal cell maintains its normal shape as water enters and exits at equal rates. What happens to an animal cell in a hypertonic environment?
An animal cell in a hypertonic environment loses water, shrivels, and undergoes crenation (shrinking). What is crenation?
Crenation is the process where animal cells shrink due to water loss in a hypertonic environment. Why do animal cells prefer isotonic environments?
Animal cells prefer isotonic environments because water movement is balanced, preventing swelling or shrinking. What prevents plant cells from bursting in hypotonic environments?
The rigid cell wall prevents plant cells from bursting when water enters in hypotonic environments. How does osmosis relate to diffusion?
Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion involving the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane. What determines the direction of water movement in osmosis?
The direction of water movement is determined by the relative solute concentrations (tonicity) on either side of the membrane. What happens if solutes cannot cross the membrane?
If solutes cannot cross the membrane, water will move by osmosis to balance solute concentrations. How does water concentration relate to solute concentration in osmosis?
A solution with lower solute concentration (hypotonic) has a higher water concentration, and vice versa. What is the effect of a hypertonic environment on plant turgor pressure?
A hypertonic environment decreases turgor pressure, causing the plant cell to shrink and possibly wilt. What is the effect of an isotonic environment on plant cells?
In an isotonic environment, plant cells have moderate turgor pressure and are not as firm as in hypotonic conditions. What is the effect of a hypertonic environment on animal cells?
Animal cells lose water and shrink, a process called crenation, in hypertonic environments. What is the main function of the cell wall in plant cells during osmosis?
The cell wall provides structural support and prevents plant cells from bursting in hypotonic environments. What would happen to a freshwater plant cell placed in saltwater?
The plant cell would lose water, undergo plasmolysis, and may wilt due to the hypertonic saltwater environment. What would happen to a red blood cell placed in a concentrated salt solution?
The red blood cell would lose water, shrink, and undergo crenation due to the hypertonic environment. How does osmosis differ from simple diffusion?
Osmosis specifically refers to water movement across a semi-permeable membrane, while simple diffusion involves movement of any substance from high to low concentration.
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