Phases of Mitosis quiz #8 Flashcards
Phases of Mitosis quiz #8
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After this cell undergoes mitosis, what is the result?
After mitosis, the result is two genetically identical diploid daughter cells. What phase of mitosis occurs prior to telophase?
Anaphase occurs prior to telophase. During which phase do the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell?
Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell during metaphase. What holds sister chromatids together?
Sister chromatids are held together by a centromere. How many daughter cells are produced from mitosis?
Two daughter cells are produced from mitosis. Mitosis produces cells with haploid or diploid number of chromosomes?
Mitosis produces cells with a diploid number of chromosomes. When you see sister chromatids of each chromosome, you know what has happened?
You know DNA replication has occurred, resulting in sister chromatids. How many steps are there in mitosis? How many steps are there in meiosis?
There are five steps in mitosis and ten steps in meiosis. When a cell divides by mitosis, what is the result?
The result is two genetically identical diploid daughter cells. What is mitosis and what is its primary function in multicellular organisms?
Mitosis is an asexual process involving the division of a diploid somatic cell's nucleus, resulting in two genetically identical diploid cells. Its primary function is growth and repair in multicellular organisms. What is the main event that occurs during prophase of mitosis?
During prophase, chromatin condenses into distinct chromosomes, the nucleolus disappears, and centrosomes begin forming the mitotic spindle as they move to opposite poles. What is the metaphase plate and what occurs at this stage?
The metaphase plate is the imaginary line at the cell's equator where chromosomes align in a single row during metaphase. What major changes occur during telophase?
During telophase, chromosomes begin to decondense back into chromatin, the nuclear envelope and nucleolus reform at each pole, and the mitotic spindle breaks down. What is the role of the centrosome during mitosis?
The centrosome organizes the mitotic spindle, which is responsible for moving chromosomes during mitosis. Why is mitosis considered an asexual process?
Mitosis is asexual because it involves only one parent cell and produces genetically identical offspring without the fusion of gametes. What is the function of kinetochore proteins during mitosis?
Kinetochore proteins, located at the centromere, serve as attachment points for spindle fibers, allowing chromosome movement. What is the significance of chromosome alignment during metaphase?
Chromosome alignment ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes during division. What is cytokinesis and how is it related to mitosis?
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm that follows mitosis, resulting in two separate daughter cells. Why is the metaphase plate important for cell division?
The metaphase plate ensures chromosomes are properly aligned for equal separation during anaphase. What is the state of chromatin during prophase and telophase?
During prophase, chromatin condenses into chromosomes; during telophase, chromosomes decondense back into chromatin. How does prometaphase differ from prophase?
In prometaphase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers attach to kinetochores, while in prophase, chromatin condenses and the spindle begins to form. What happens to the nuclear envelope during telophase?
The nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes at the cell poles during telophase. Why is it important that mitosis produces genetically identical cells?
Genetic identity ensures proper tissue function and maintenance during growth and repair. What is the function of the centromere during mitosis?
The centromere holds sister chromatids together and serves as the attachment site for spindle fibers via kinetochores. What is the purpose of the mitotic spindle attaching to kinetochores?
Attachment allows the spindle to move and separate chromosomes accurately during mitosis. What is the relationship between centrosomes and spindle fibers?
Centrosomes organize and anchor the spindle fibers that move chromosomes during mitosis. How does the cell ensure that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes?
The cell aligns chromosomes at the metaphase plate and separates sister chromatids during anaphase to ensure equal distribution. What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin is loosely coiled DNA present during interphase, while chromosomes are tightly coiled DNA visible during mitosis. What is the function of cytokinesis following mitosis?
Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells, each with its own nucleus. What is the importance of the mitotic spindle breaking down during telophase?
Spindle breakdown signals the end of chromosome movement and prepares the cell for cytokinesis. What is the main purpose of mitosis in somatic cells?
The main purpose is to produce genetically identical cells for growth, repair, and maintenance. What is the role of the metaphase plate in chromosome segregation?
The metaphase plate ensures chromosomes are evenly distributed to each daughter cell during division. What is the relationship between mitosis and the cell cycle?
Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle where the nucleus divides, following interphase and preceding cytokinesis. How does the cell ensure that mitosis proceeds in the correct order?
The cell uses checkpoints and regulatory proteins to ensure each phase is completed before the next begins. What is the function of the nucleolus, and what happens to it during telophase?
The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes; it reforms during telophase after disappearing in prophase. What is the result of mitosis in terms of nuclei number?
Mitosis results in one cell with two nuclei, which are separated into two cells after cytokinesis. How does the cell prepare for mitosis during interphase?
During interphase, the cell replicates its DNA and centrosomes in preparation for mitosis. What is the difference between the chromatin state in interphase and mitosis?
Chromatin is loosely coiled during interphase and condenses into visible chromosomes during mitosis. What is the significance of the nuclear envelope reforming during telophase?
Reforming the nuclear envelope encloses the genetic material, reestablishing the nucleus in each daughter cell. What is the role of the mitotic spindle during metaphase?
The mitotic spindle aligns chromosomes at the metaphase plate in preparation for separation.
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