Prokaryotic Cell Structure quiz #2 Flashcards
Prokaryotic Cell Structure quiz #2
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What is found in the external covering of gram-positive cells?
The external covering of gram-positive cells contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan. Which three structures comprise a bacterial flagellum?
A bacterial flagellum is comprised of the filament, hook, and basal body. Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is false? A) They have a thin peptidoglycan layer. B) They have an outer membrane. C) They lack lipopolysaccharides. D) They do not retain the Gram stain.
C) They lack lipopolysaccharides. Can you label the structures of a prokaryotic cell?
Yes, the structures of a prokaryotic cell include the nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and sometimes structures like pili, flagella, and a glycocalyx. Where is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) located in bacterial cells?
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is located in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells. What surrounds the cell membrane of most bacteria and provides structure and protection?
The cell wall surrounds the cell membrane of most bacteria and provides structure and protection. What structures are present in a bacterial cell?
Structures present in a bacterial cell include the nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and sometimes pili, flagella, and a glycocalyx. Which structure maintains the shape of a bacterial cell?
The cell wall maintains the shape of a bacterial cell. Which are functions of the prokaryote cell wall?
Functions of the prokaryote cell wall include providing structural support, maintaining cell shape, and protecting against osmotic pressure. Peptidoglycan is a molecule that is found where in a bacterial cell?
Peptidoglycan is found in the cell wall of bacterial cells. Which of these is a cell wall component that contributes to invasiveness?
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram-negative bacteria contributes to invasiveness. What do prokaryotes have?
Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a cell wall, but lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The prokaryotic cell envelope consists of which of the following? A) Cell membrane only B) Cell wall and outer membrane C) Cell wall, cell membrane, and outer membrane D) Nucleus and cell membrane
C) Cell wall, cell membrane, and outer membrane Which of the following are characteristics of the glycocalyx found in bacteria? A) Promotes adhesion B) Protects from dehydration C) Collects nutrients D) All of the above
D) All of the above Why is it important to understand the structure of a bacterial cell when developing an antibiotic?
Understanding the structure of a bacterial cell is crucial for developing antibiotics that target specific components, such as the cell wall, without harming human cells. Which of the following are structures that can be found in prokaryotic cells? A) Nucleus B) Ribosomes C) Mitochondria D) Golgi apparatus
B) Ribosomes What part of a bacterial cell does gram staining allow scientists to learn about?
Gram staining allows scientists to learn about the structure of the bacterial cell wall. Which prokaryotic feature is complex?
The cell envelope, especially in gram-negative bacteria, is complex due to the presence of an outer membrane and lipopolysaccharides. Lipopolysaccharide is a component of the cell membrane of which cell type?
Lipopolysaccharide is a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells. Which of the following is part of the cell wall of mycobacteria? A) Peptidoglycan B) Lipopolysaccharide C) Mycolic acid D) Cellulose
C) Mycolic acid What is the structural difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides. Which of the following is not one of the most common prokaryotic cell shapes? A) Coccus B) Bacillus C) Spirillum D) Cuboidal
D) Cuboidal Which structures are found only in prokaryotic cells?
Structures unique to prokaryotic cells include the nucleoid and peptidoglycan cell wall. Which bacterial structure functions in attachment to surfaces?
Fimbriae function in attachment to surfaces. What structures are found within prokaryotic cells?
Structures found within prokaryotic cells include the nucleoid, ribosomes, and sometimes plasmids. Which structure is found in prokaryotes and not in animal cells?
The nucleoid is found in prokaryotes and not in animal cells. What organelles do prokaryotes have?
Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles but have ribosomes for protein synthesis. What is the function of the prokaryotic cell wall?
The function of the prokaryotic cell wall is to provide structural support, maintain cell shape, and protect against osmotic pressure. Which of the following are considered external structures of prokaryotic cells? A) Pili B) Flagella C) Glycocalyx D) All of the above
D) All of the above Which cell structure is unique to prokaryotes?
The nucleoid is unique to prokaryotes.
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