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Sex-Linked Inheritance quiz #3 Flashcards

Sex-Linked Inheritance quiz #3
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  • Which type of inheritance involves genes not located on autosomal chromosomes?
    Sex-linked inheritance involves genes located on sex chromosomes.
  • Which of the following genotypes represent color blind individuals? Options: XBXB, XbXb, XBY, XbY
    XbXb and XbY represent color blind individuals.
  • How are sex-linked pedigrees different from autosomal pedigrees?
    Sex-linked pedigrees often show more males affected and specific inheritance patterns, while autosomal pedigrees do not show sex bias.
  • If a trait is X-linked dominant, how is it expressed in males and females?
    In X-linked dominant traits, both males and females express the trait if they inherit the dominant allele.
  • Which of the following traits is sex-linked? Options: Hemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anemia, Huntington's disease
    Hemophilia is a sex-linked trait.
  • Which sex chromosome has the largest number of genes?
    The X chromosome has the largest number of genes.
  • What is sex-linked inheritance?
    Sex-linked inheritance refers to the transmission of traits determined by genes located on the sex chromosomes.
  • What is the primary reason that X-linked recessive disorders, such as hemophilia and red-green color blindness, are more commonly observed in males than in females?
    Males have only one X chromosome, so a single recessive allele on their X chromosome will result in the disorder, whereas females need two copies of the recessive allele (one on each X chromosome) to be affected.
  • Explain the inheritance pattern of an X-linked gene using the example of eye color in fruit flies, and describe how the phenotypes of male and female offspring differ when a heterozygous red-eyed female is crossed with a white-eyed male.
    When a heterozygous red-eyed female (X^R X^r) is crossed with a white-eyed male (X^r Y), 50% of female offspring will be red-eyed (X^R X^r) and 50% will be white-eyed (X^r X^r). For male offspring, 50% will be red-eyed (X^R Y) and 50% will be white-eyed (X^r Y). This demonstrates that males express whichever allele they inherit on their single X chromosome, while females require two copies of the recessive allele to show the trait.