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Multiple Comparisons: Tukey Test definitions

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  • Post Hoc Test
    A follow-up procedure used after an ANOVA to determine which group means show significant differences.
  • Tukey Test
    A method for comparing all possible pairs of group means to identify specific differences after ANOVA.
  • ANOVA
    A statistical technique for testing whether three or more group means are equal using variance analysis.
  • Null Hypothesis
    A statement that assumes no difference exists between group means in a statistical test.
  • Alternative Hypothesis
    A claim that at least one group mean differs from the others in a statistical comparison.
  • Q Statistic
    A calculated value representing the standardized difference between two group means in the Tukey test.
  • Critical Value
    A threshold from statistical tables used to decide whether a test statistic indicates a significant result.
  • Studentized Range Distribution
    A probability distribution used to determine critical values for comparing multiple group means.
  • Degrees of Freedom
    A value found by subtracting the number of groups from the total observations, used in statistical tests.
  • Mean Square Error
    A measure of variance within groups, calculated from ANOVA output and used in the Tukey test formula.
  • Pairwise Comparison
    An analysis that examines differences between every possible pair of group means.
  • Alpha Level
    The probability threshold, often set at 0.05, for determining statistical significance in hypothesis testing.
  • Sample Size
    The number of observations in each group, used in calculations for statistical tests.
  • Variance Within Groups
    The average of squared differences from the group mean, reflecting variability inside each group.
  • Q Table
    A reference chart providing critical values for the studentized range distribution based on test parameters.