Multiple Choice
Enzymes bind to the transition state of the reactant because they have what?
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3. Energy
Activated Carriers
Multiple Choice
ATP is called the energy currency of the cell because it stores energy in its phosphoanhydride bonds and can rapidly transfer a phosphate group to drive endergonic reactions.
A
It catalyzes most metabolic reactions directly by lowering their activation energy.
B
It is the primary long-term energy storage molecule in animals, stored in large quantities in adipose tissue.
C
It couples energy released from catabolic reactions to cellular work by donating a phosphate group (phosphorylation) to other molecules.
D
It is the main structural component of cell membranes and therefore provides energy through membrane fluidity.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of ATP in the cell. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is known as the energy currency because it stores energy in its high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, which can be broken to release energy for cellular processes.
Step 2: Recognize that ATP does not catalyze reactions directly. Instead, enzymes catalyze metabolic reactions by lowering activation energy, while ATP provides the energy needed to drive these reactions forward.
Step 3: Differentiate between short-term energy carriers like ATP and long-term energy storage molecules such as fats stored in adipose tissue. ATP is not a long-term storage molecule but a quick energy source.
Step 4: Identify the correct function of ATP: it couples the energy released from catabolic (energy-releasing) reactions to cellular work by transferring a phosphate group to other molecules, a process called phosphorylation.
Step 5: Clarify that ATP is not a structural component of cell membranes; membrane fluidity is influenced by lipids like phospholipids and cholesterol, not ATP.
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