Table of contents

1. Overview of Cell Biology2h 49m
2. Chemical Components of Cells1h 14m
3. Energy1h 33m
4. DNA, Chromosomes, and Genomes2h 31m
5. DNA to RNA to Protein2h 31m
6. Proteins1h 36m
7. Gene Expression1h 42m
8. Membrane Structure1h 4m
- The Lipid Bilayer
  38m
- Membrane Proteins
  25m
9. Transport Across Membranes1h 52m
10. Anerobic Respiration1h 5m
11. Aerobic Respiration1h 11m
12. Photosynthesis52m
13. Intracellular Protein Transport2h 18m
14. Cell Signaling1h 28m
15. Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement1h 39m
16. Cell Division3h 5m
17. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction50m
18. Cell Junctions and Tissues48m
19. Stem Cells13m
- Stem Cells
  13m
20. Cancer44m
21. The Immune System1h 6m
22. Techniques in Cell Biology1h 41m

20. Cancer

Overview of Cancer

Cell Biology

20. Cancer

Overview of Cancer

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the roles of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the development of cancer?

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have no significant role in the regulation of the cell cycle.

Both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes promote uncontrolled cell division when functioning normally.

Oncogenes promote cell division when activated, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division; mutations that activate oncogenes or inactivate tumor suppressor genes can lead to cancer.

Oncogenes inhibit cell division, and tumor suppressor genes promote cell division; mutations in either gene type prevent cancer.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the roles of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in normal cell cycle regulation. Oncogenes are mutated or overactive versions of proto-oncogenes, which normally promote cell division in a controlled manner. Tumor suppressor genes, on the other hand, act as brakes to inhibit cell division and prevent uncontrolled growth.

Recognize how mutations in these genes contribute to cancer. Mutations that activate oncogenes can lead to excessive cell division, while mutations that inactivate tumor suppressor genes remove the inhibitory controls on cell division, both of which can result in uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Evaluate the options provided in the question. Eliminate choices that contradict the established roles of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. For example, the statement that 'oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have no significant role in the regulation of the cell cycle' is incorrect because both play critical roles in cell cycle regulation.

Focus on the correct description: 'Oncogenes promote cell division when activated, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division; mutations that activate oncogenes or inactivate tumor suppressor genes can lead to cancer.' This aligns with the scientific understanding of how these genes function and their involvement in cancer development.

Conclude by reinforcing the importance of the balance between oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in maintaining normal cell cycle regulation. Disruption of this balance through mutations can lead to the development of cancer.