Multiple Choice
The adaptive immune response is the first immune response a host initiates against a pathogen.
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21. The Immune System
Overview of Host Defenses
Multiple Choice
In the context of an overview of host defenses, what is a differential white blood cell (WBC) count?
A
A laboratory test that reports the relative proportions (percentages) of different leukocyte types (e.g., neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils) in a blood sample
B
A laboratory test that determines the plasma concentration of antibodies (immunoglobulins) against a specific antigen
C
A laboratory test that measures the total number of red blood cells per unit volume of blood
D
A laboratory test that measures platelet function by assessing clotting time in whole blood
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand that a differential white blood cell (WBC) count is a type of laboratory test used in clinical diagnostics to analyze the immune system's status.
Step 2: Recognize that white blood cells (leukocytes) consist of several types, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, each playing distinct roles in host defense.
Step 3: Know that the differential WBC count measures the relative proportions (percentages) of these different leukocyte types in a blood sample, rather than just the total number of white blood cells.
Step 4: Differentiate this test from other blood tests, such as those measuring antibody concentrations, red blood cell counts, or platelet function, which assess different aspects of blood and immune function.
Step 5: Conclude that the differential WBC count provides valuable information about the immune response and can help diagnose infections, inflammation, allergies, and hematologic diseases by showing shifts in leukocyte populations.
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