Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes the difference between diffusion and osmosis in passive transport across membranes?
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9. Transport Across Membranes
Passive Transport: Diffusion and Osmosis
Multiple Choice
In the context of passive transport across cell membranes, what is diffusion?
A
The net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration due to random thermal motion, without requiring cellular energy input
B
The bulk movement of extracellular fluid and dissolved solutes into the cell via membrane invagination
C
The movement of molecules across a membrane through specific carrier proteins using ATP hydrolysis
D
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of passive transport, which refers to the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy (ATP).
Step 2: Recognize that diffusion is a type of passive transport characterized by the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Step 3: Note that diffusion occurs due to the random thermal motion of particles, meaning molecules move randomly but tend to spread out evenly over time.
Step 4: Differentiate diffusion from other processes such as endocytosis (bulk movement via membrane invagination), active transport (movement using ATP and carrier proteins), and osmosis (movement of water across membranes).
Step 5: Conclude that diffusion specifically describes the net movement of particles down their concentration gradient without energy input, which matches the correct answer.
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