Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is directly responsible for synthesizing proteins during translation?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In animal cells, what is the primary function of ribosomes during translation?
A
They replicate DNA to produce identical copies before cell division.
B
They modify proteins by adding carbohydrate groups in the Golgi apparatus.
C
They synthesize polypeptides by decoding mRNA and catalyzing peptide bond formation.
D
They generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis in all living cells, including animal cells.
Recall that translation is the process by which the genetic code carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific polypeptide or protein.
Recognize that during translation, ribosomes read the sequence of codons in mRNA and facilitate the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain.
Know that ribosomes catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, linking them together to form a growing polypeptide chain.
Conclude that the primary function of ribosomes during translation is to synthesize polypeptides by decoding mRNA and catalyzing peptide bond formation.
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