Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is primarily responsible for sorting and packaging proteins into vesicles for secretion or delivery to other destinations?
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13. Intracellular Protein Transport
Golgi Processing and Transport
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in protein and lipid trafficking?
A
It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to the plasma membrane, lysosomes/endosomes, or secretion.
B
It synthesizes most secreted proteins by translating mRNA on membrane-bound ribosomes.
C
It degrades macromolecules using acid hydrolases in an acidic lumen.
D
It generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation across the inner membrane.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell by recalling its position in the endomembrane system, which is involved in processing and trafficking proteins and lipids.
Step 2: Recognize that proteins synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported to the Golgi apparatus for further modification, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation.
Step 3: Identify that the Golgi apparatus sorts these modified proteins and lipids, packaging them into vesicles targeted to specific destinations like the plasma membrane, lysosomes, or for secretion outside the cell.
Step 4: Differentiate the Golgi apparatus from other organelles by noting that it does not synthesize proteins (which occurs in the rough ER), degrade macromolecules (lysosomes), or generate ATP (mitochondria).
Step 5: Summarize that the primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to their correct cellular or extracellular locations.
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