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Multiple Choice
In an overview of cellular respiration, which simple sugar is ultimately broken down to produce ATP (via glycolysis and subsequent mitochondrial processes)?
A
Cellulose
B
Glycogen
C
Ribose
D
Glucose
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1
Understand that cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
Recognize that glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, where a simple sugar molecule is broken down in the cytoplasm to produce pyruvate and ATP.
Identify the simple sugar that is the primary substrate for glycolysis; this sugar must be a common monosaccharide that cells can readily metabolize.
Recall that glucose is a six-carbon monosaccharide and the main sugar broken down during glycolysis, leading to ATP production through subsequent mitochondrial processes like the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
Differentiate glucose from other sugars listed (cellulose, glycogen, ribose) by noting that cellulose is a polysaccharide, glycogen is a storage polysaccharide, and ribose is a sugar found in nucleotides, not primarily used for energy production.