Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the first phase of mitosis (as classically defined after interphase)?
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16. Cell Division
Mitosis
Multiple Choice
Do sex cells (gametes) undergo mitosis as part of their formation in humans?
A
No; gametes are produced by mitosis followed by cytokinesis without DNA replication.
B
No; gametes are produced by meiosis, not mitosis.
C
Yes; gametes are produced directly by mitosis in the gonads.
D
Yes; gametes undergo mitosis after fertilization to restore diploidy.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the difference between mitosis and meiosis: Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical diploid daughter cells, while meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing haploid cells (gametes).
Recall that gametes (sperm and egg cells) must have half the chromosome number of somatic cells to ensure that upon fertilization, the diploid chromosome number is restored.
Recognize that mitosis does not reduce chromosome number; it maintains the diploid state, so it cannot produce haploid gametes directly.
Identify that gametes are produced through meiosis, which involves one round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of cell division, resulting in four haploid cells.
Conclude that the correct statement is that gametes are produced by meiosis, not mitosis, because meiosis ensures the halving of chromosome number necessary for sexual reproduction.
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