Multiple Choice
In the human body, which cell type typically contains the highest density of mitochondria to meet its constant ATP demand?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
A
Synthesize proteins by translating mRNA on cytosolic ribosomes
B
Generate ATP through aerobic cellular respiration (e.g., the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation)
C
Modify, sort, and package proteins for secretion via the endomembrane system
D
Store the cell’s genetic information as chromosomes within a membrane-bound nucleus
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the main roles of each organelle mentioned in the options to understand their primary functions.
Recall that mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate energy in the form of ATP through processes like the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
Understand that protein synthesis by translating mRNA on cytosolic ribosomes is primarily a function of ribosomes, not mitochondria.
Recognize that modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion is the role of the Golgi apparatus, part of the endomembrane system.
Know that storing the cell's genetic information as chromosomes within a membrane-bound nucleus is the function of the nucleus, not mitochondria.
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